세상에서 가장 쉬운 가정법

영어문법 중에서 특히 가정법을 어려워하는 사람들이 많이 있지요. 외국인으로서 가정법까지 술술 말할 수 있다면 정말 좋겠지만, 그렇게 할 수 없다면 가정법 문장을 쉽게 읽거나 쓰기라도 잘 할 수 있으면 좋지요.^^ 그래서 준비했습니다.

 

중요한 건!!! 다음 문장은 꼭 달달 외워야 한다는 겁니다. 이것만 외우면 정말 술술 쓸 수 있습니다.

 

1. 가정법 현재 : 현재 또는 미래에 대한 단순 가정 또는 불확실한 상상

    If he come(comes), I will go there with him.

    * will 자리에 shall 올 수 있음.

 

2. 가정법 미래 : 현재 또는 미래에 대한 강한 의심 또는 있을 수 없는 일

    If it should rain tomorrow, the party would not be held.

    If the sun were to rise in the west, I would not break my words.

    * would 자리에 would, will, should, shall 올 수 있음.

 

3. 가정법 과거 : 현재 사실에 반대

    If I were a bird, I could fly to you. = As I am not a bird, I can't fly to you.

    If I knew his address, I could write to him. = As I don't know his address, I can't write to him.

     * could 자리에 would, should, might 올 수 있음

 

4. 가정법 과거완료 : 과거 사실에 반대

    If he had worked harder, he could have succeeded. = He didn't work harder, so he couldn't succeed.

    If it had been fine, we would have gone on a picnic. = As it wasn't fine, we didn't go on a picnic.

     * could 자리에 would, should, might 올 수 있음

 

5. 가정법 특수구문

    I wish it were true. = I am sorry it is not true.

    I wish I had bought the dress. = I am sorry I didn't buy the dress.

    He talks as if he knew the fact. = In fact, he doesn't know the fact.

    He talked as if he had heard the news. = In fact, he didn't hear the news.

    If it were not for(= But for, Without) your help, I should be in trouble.

    If it had not been for(= But for, Without) the umbrella, I would have gotten wet.